Who are the winners and loser?

The reset deal of the UK -EU relations after Brexit has been agreed at a London summit.

The agreement covers a number of issues, including defense, fishing, food trade and the ability of young people to move freely between the UK and the EU.

The BBC Verify has passed through the deal, choosing potential winners and losses.

Winner: UK Food exporters in the EU who can see less checks

Losers: People who do not want the United Kingdom to comply with EU rules as there are attached strings

Brexit goods in the UK traveling to the EU – including food – are facing new inspections and additional documents.

Some items, such as the export of the United Kingdom to raw burgers and sausages, are forbidden to enter the EU because they do not comply with its strict import rules.

Exports of food to the United Kingdom in the EU has fallen – With volumes in 2024 a decrease of 34% compared to 2019 – and the industry accuses this in part of the added bureaucracy.

Both countries have now agreed to work on a joint food safety agreement, which can remove many of the current barriers.

If signed and fully implemented, it would reduce the documents, facilitate checks, and could even raise prohibitions of products such as raw meat.

EU food and drink exports in 2023 were worth 14 billion British poundsrepresenting 57% of all sales abroad in the sector.

But the deal comes with conditions. The United Kingdom will have to comply with future EU food standards – a system known as “dynamic alignment” – and accept that the European Court will have the last word in any dispute in this area.

The United Kingdom will also be required to make a financial contribution. However, it is not known at the moment how much the payment will be and when it will be required.

Winner: EU – Fishing Ships gain 12 years of access to the UK waters

Losers: Fishermen in the UK who wanted annual negotiations to access fishing

Although fishing represents a very small part of the UK economy – Only 0.04% of GDP in 2024 – He is politically sensitive.

The reset document celebrates “political agreements leading to full reciprocal access to fish until June 30, 2038.” – 12 -year extension of this transaction agreed by the conservative government of Boris Johnson – and much longer than expected.

According to the existing agreement (it must expire in 2026), EU ships gain access to the UK waters for fish – in exchange for the transfer of 25% of their fishing quota – the amount they are allowed to capture – the United Kingdom fleets.

Some fishing groups in the UK have criticized the existing deal and do not want to see it extended.

Elspet McDonald, which represents 450 fishing boats as CEO of the Scottish Fisher’s Federation, says: “This deal is a terrible show for Scottish fishermen, far worse than the Boris Johnson agreement on Brooched Brexit.”

She says the long -term deal takes away the individual power of the industry in future conversations and would prefer annual negotiations with the EU.

Prime Minister Sir Kayer Starmer says there will be no “increase in the amount that EU vessels can catch in British waters” and says that it will now be easier for the United Kingdom fishermen to export their products.

In 2023 Britain Exported 1.2 billion pounds of fish in the EUAbout 70% of all fish exports.

The Salmon Scotland Tavish Scott, which is the cultivation of salmon in Scotland, says the BBC Reducing Agreement “accelerate the delivery of our premium salmon on the market.”

Winner: Young people in the UK and the EU you need – if confirmed – be able to work and learn more free between the two

Losers: Those who oppose the increase in net migration to the United Kingdom will indicate that any mobility scheme can affect immigration data, although this effect may be temporary

The details here are yet to be confirmed, but the winners will be those young people from both the United Kingdom and the EU who could work and learn more easily throughout Europe and the UK. Other youth mobility schemes are focused on people aged 18 to 30 years.

The impact of what is called a “youth experience scheme” can be uneven.

Before Brexit, more young people from the EU came to the UK than they went the next time.

And remember that Sir Keyer promised to “significantly” reduce immigration levels in the coming years. So there is a big question about what impact a UK and EU scheme on the UK immigration levels can have.

Madeleine Sumpion from the Oxford University Migration Observatory told the BBC to check that the scheme is likely to increase net migration in the short term as the new participants arrive.

However, she adds that if everyone left the United Kingdom, when their visa expires, the long -term impact on migration levels will be minimal.

“If the United Kingdom is worried about the impact, it could be directed to the scheme where it gradually increases the quota. So when people leave, the quota can be raised, not a big blast, they all come at once,” she said.

Winner: British tourists may be able to use EGATES at EU Airports, but we don’t know who and when

Losers: Those who expect to escape from long tails this summer

As part of the agreement, the United Kingdom citizens will be able to use EGATES at EU airports instead of holding their passport manually by a border official.

The government claims: “British airlines will be able to use more EGATES in Europe, ending the dreaded queues of border control.”

The text of the EU-subject agreement is less clear, referring only to “Potential use of eGates when appropriate“.

Any change is unlikely to be implemented by the summer, ABTA’s travel organization told the BBC.

ABTA believes that the deal clarifies that EU countries may offer EGATES to United Kingdom citizens after a new entry/exit system comes into force in October.

EES is an automated IT system for registering all non -EU passengers for a short stay, every time the external borders of the EU cross.

Whether the UK passengers will avoid completely border guards will depend on the technology of every border crossing, says Abta.

Winner: United Kingdom Defense Companies can receive contracts from the new EU rearmation fund

Losers: EU Defense companies hoping to receive more of these revenue

The EU has set up a Security Fund for Europe (Safe) with € 150 billion (126 billion British pounds) loans supported by the EU budget to enable Member States to reassign themselves.

This would be spent on EU -based defense companies. The Fund also allows the participation of a number of non -EU countries and can now be open to the United Kingdom defense companies. This would potentially allow EU companies to use the Fund to buy a UK kit.

The United Kingdom has a large defense industry against many EU countries and this sector directly work around 164.00 people in the UK.

Between 2020 and 2024 the United Kingdom was Calculated by the International Peace Institute in Stockholm To report about 3.6% of the total annual weapons of weapons worldwide, which makes the United Kingdom the seventh largest national exporter.

Again, the workpiece is still working here and we do not know when and how exactly the United Kingdom will participate in the Fund.