Who are the winners and losses in the US-EU trade deal?

The US and the EU have achieved the charged as the biggest trade deal in history after talks in Scotland.

In fact, it looks like an agreement framework, not a complete commercial transaction, as details are still unclear.

But the title data, announced by President Donald Trump and EU chief Ursula von der Leyen, offer clues about which sectors and groups can be affected strongly or have to win.

After promising new trade deals with dozens of countries, Trump has just landed the largest of them all.

Most commentators seem to have gave up more, with immediate analysis of the capital economy implies a 0.5% knock of GDP.

There will also be tens of billions of dollars that are being poured into US taxes on import taxes.

But Trump’s luminous titles may not last long if multiple economic data that is due later this week

The numbers for inflation, jobs, growth and confidence of consumers will give a clearer picture of whether Trump’s tariffs deliver pain or profit.

Ordinary Americans have already been affected by increased costs of living and this transaction can contribute to the weight through tourist prices of goods in the EU.

Although not as steep as it could be, the obstacle, represented by a 15% tariff rate, is still significant and much more pronounced than the obstacles existing before Trump returns to office.

Tariffs are taxes charged on goods purchased from other countries. They are usually a percentage of the value of the product. So, a 15% tariff means that a $ 100 product imported into the US from the EU will have a $ 15 tax added on top – with the total price of the importer up to $ 115.

Companies that import foreign goods to the United States have to pay the government’s tax and they often pass some or any additional costs for customers.

The stock markets in Asia and Europe increased on Monday after the news appeared from the deals framework.

According to the framework, the United States will impose a 15% tariff on EU goods. Although this percentage is significant, it is less than what could be and at least offer security to investors.

The agreement is “clearly suitable for the market and should put more potential in the euro,” Chris Weston of Pepperstone, Australian broker, told AFP.

The deal will have to be signed by all 27 EU members, each of which has different interests and levels of exporting goods to the United States.

While some members have welcomed the Agreement a cautious welcome, others are critical – hinting at divisions within the block, which is also trying to respond to other crises, such as the ongoing war in Ukraine.

French Prime Minister Francois Bairu commented: “This is a dark day when the Union of Free Peoples gathered to confirm its common values and to defend its common interests, to reconcile itself.”

He was joined by at least two other French government ministers, as well as Victor Orban, a Hungarian leader, who said Trump “ate von der Leyen for breakfast.”

The tariff that the importers who bring cars to the US in the US are almost half, from a percentage of 27.5%imposed by Trump in April to a new percentage of 15%.

Cars are one of the best EU exports to the United States. And as the largest car manufacturer in the EU – thanks to VW, Mercedes and BMW – Germany will watch closely.

Its leader Friedrich Mertz welcomes the new pact, admitting that he will meet “more relief of transatlantic trade”.

This mood decrease was voiced by the German car sales authority, VDA, which warned that even a percentage of 15% would “cost the German automotive industry a year”.

Trump is trying to increase the production of vehicles in the United States. US car manufacturers were impetus when they learned that the EU was dropping its own car rate for cars made by the United States from 10% to 2.5%. Theoretically, this can lead to more American cars purchased in Europe.

This may be good for US sales abroad, but the Pact is not all good news when it comes to internal sales. This comes down to the complicated way in which American cars are collected.

Many of them are actually gathered abroad – in Canada and Mexico – and Trump puts them on a 25%tariff when they are introduced into the United States. This is compared to a lower tariff frequency of 15% of EU vehicles. So car manufacturers in the United States can now be afraid to be underwent by European manufacturers.

There is a confusion around the tariff rate, which will be imposed on the US purchased medicines produced in the United States. The EU wants medicines to be subject to the lowest rate as possible to take advantage of sales.

Trump said that pharmaceutical products were not covered by the deal announced on Sunday, according to which the percentage of a number of products was reduced to 15%. But von der Leyen said they were included, and a White House source confirmed the same to the BBC.

Each scenario will be a disappointment for the European pharmaceuticals, which was initially hoping for full freedom from tariffs. The industry is currently enjoying high exposure to the US market thanks to products such as Ozmpic, a Star Type-2 diabetes medicine prepared in Denmark.

This was emphasized in Ireland, where opposition parties pointed out the importance of the industry and criticized the harmful effect of uncertainty.

Trump has said the EU will buy $ 750 billion (£ 558 billion, £ 638 billion) in the United States, in addition to increasing US $ 600 billion.

“We will replace Russian gas and oil with considerable purchases of US VPG (liquefied natural gas), oil and nuclear fuels,” said von der Leyen.

This will deepen the links between European Energy Security and the United States at a time when it heads to the import of Russian gas from its full invasion of Ukraine.

Von der Leyen said some “strategic products” will not attract any tariffs, including parts of aircraft and aircraft, certain chemicals and some farm products.

This means that companies that make airplane components will have trading without rubbing between huge trade blocks.

She added that the EU still hopes to get more nominated agreements, in particular for guilt and spirits, in the coming days.

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